Due to its climatic variability, complex mobility networks and geographic expanse, the United States represents a compelling setting to explore the transmission processes that lead to heterogeneous yearly seasonal influenza epidemics.

Human infections with swIAV have been detected sporadically in Europe whereas in the United States, such infections have been detected more frequently.

Several viruses that cause problems for human beings originated in bats. However, cellular and tissue models for understanding virus infection in these important reservoir species are limited.

Mandatory housing measures introduced across a large swathe of England to try and curb the spread of avian influenza are being lifted from today (15 May).

Over the past 25 years, there has been an increasing number of mammalian (including human) infections caused by avian influenza A viruses that resulted in mild to severe illnesses.

2024 saw a novel outbreak of H5N1 avian influenza in US dairy cattle. Limited surveillance data has made determining the true scale of the epidemic difficult.

In 2024, IAV H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the United States moved into cattle. While the outbreak is currently of low risk to the public, there is an urgent need to monitor the disease and prevent spread.

The recent emergence of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus infections in dairy cows and humans in the U.S. has raised alarms regarding the potential for a pandemic.