Susceptibilities and viral shedding of peridomestic wildlife infected with clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1)
We tested the ability of six peridomestic wildlife species to replicate a highly pathogenic (HP) clade 2.3.4.4b AIV (H5N1) isolated in the U.S. during 2022.
Complex Evolutionary Dynamics of H5N8 Influenza A Viruses Revealed by Comprehensive Reassortment Analysis
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) circulate among different species and have the potential to cause significant pandemics in humans.
Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region
Until recent events, the Antarctic was the only major geographical region in which high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) had never previously been detected.
Experimental infection of chickens, Pekin ducks, Eurasian wigeons and Barnacle geese with two recent highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses
Multiple genotypes of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses have caused epizootics in wild birds and poultry.
Avian Influenza A(H5N1) - Cambodia
WHO was notified by the country’s International Health Regulations (IHR) National Focal Point (NFP) of a laboratory-confirmed case of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus (clade 2.3.2.1c) in a 15-year-old child in the Kingdom of Cambodia.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in wild rats in Egypt during 2023
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) pose continuous challenges to human and animal health worldwide. Wild birds are considered the natural reservoir for AIVs and play a major role in spreading influenza viruses over long distances.
Detection and Monitoring of Highly Pathogenic Influenza A Virus 2.3.4.4b Outbreak in Dairy Cattle in the United States
The emergence and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A subtype H5N1 (HP H5N1-IAV), particularly clade H5N1 2.3.4.4b, pose a severe global health threat, affecting various species, including mammals.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 Virus in Livestock
The primary introduction of disease into dairy herds has been predominantly via exposure to wild birds. The exact mechanism of spread is currently unknown, although there is potential for viral spread through milk.
Cluster of Influenza A(H5) Cases Associated with Poultry Exposure at Two Facilities — Colorado
Persons who work in close contact with dairy cattle and poultry that are infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus are at increased risk for infection.
Estimated number of lives directly saved by COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the WHO European Region from December, 2020, to March, 2023: a retrospective surveillance study
By March, 2023, 54 countries, areas, and territories (hereafter CAT) in the WHO European Region had reported more than 2·2 million COVID-19-related deaths to the WHO Regional Office for Europe.
Infection of South American coatis (Nasua nasua) with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus displaying mammalian adaptive mutations
Deadly outbreaks among poultry, wild birds, and carnivorous mammals by the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus of the clade 2.3.4.4b have been reported in South America.
Opportunities and challenges for the U.S. laboratory response to highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1)
On March 25, 2024 an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H5N1 was identified in dairy cows across multiple farms in the United States.
