Effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines against hospitalisation according to frailty risk: a prespecified analysis of the randomised trial DANFLU-2
The Lancet Healthy Longevity
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October 19 2026
Interpretation:
"Among adults aged 65 years or older in Denmark, frailty risk might modify the effects of HD-IIV versus SD-IIV against hospitalisation for influenza or pneumonia, with higher rVE estimates with increasing frailty risk. These findings might support considering high-dose influenza vaccines for frail older adults. However, effect modification was not evident when frailty was assessed using prespecified categorical subgroups, and subgroup-specific estimates were imprecise, with 95% CIs crossing the null. These results should be considered exploratory, warranting further investigation."
Espersen, C., Johansen, N. D, Modin, D., Janstrup, K.H., Loiacono, M.M., Harris, R.C., Huang, Y., Larsen, C.S., Larsen, L., Wiese, L., Dalager-Pedersen, M., Claggett, B.L., Bartholdy, K.V., Bernholm, K.F., Borchsenius, J.I.-M.H., Davidovski, F.S., Davodian, L.W., Dons, M., Duus, L.S., Fussing, F.H., Jensen, A.M.R., Landler, N.E., Langhoff, A.C.F., Lassen, M.C.H., Nielsen, A.B., Ottosen, C.I., Sengeløv, M., Skaarup, K.G., Solomon, S. D, Landray, M.J., Gislason, G.H., Køber, L., Sivapalan, P., Martel, C.J.-M., Jensen, J.U.S., Harada, K., Gavazzi, G. and Biering-Sørensen, T. (2026). Effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines against hospitalisation according to frailty risk: A prespecified analysis of the randomised trial DANFLU-2. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, [online] 7(8), p.100894. doi:10.1016/j.lanhl.2026.100894.
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